2008 International Mock Board Exam Coalition

International	University of Guelph, Guelph, 
Ontario, Canada	03/07/2008	
Pacific Northwest Region	Oregon Health & Science University
and Portland VA Medical Center	03/29/2008	
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention	Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA	04/26/2008	
Central Region	University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center	05/04/2008	
Southeastern Region	North Carolina State University
	05/17/2008	
Northeastern Region	Yale University
	06/07/2008	
International
	Europe – Spain
(mock ECLAM exam)	06/07/2008	
Practical Section – 125 Questions
Questions
27 Pages
2008 Practical Exam Contributors
Cheryl Haughton, DVM, DACLAM - Central Region Coordinator
David Kurtz, DVM, PhD, DACLAM – Southeastern Region Coordinator
Stephanie Murphy, VMD, PhD, DACLAM - Pacific Northwest Region Coordinator
Yolanda Saavedra-Torres, DVM, PhD, DipECLAM – European Coordinator
Peter Smith, DVM, DACLAM - Northeastern Region Coordinator
J. P. Spurlock, DVM - CDCP Coordinator
Patricia V. Turner, DVM, DVSc, DACLAM – Canadian Coordinator
Ronald E. Banks, DVM, DACLAM
Rudy Beiler, DVM
Terry Blankenship-Paris, DVM, MS, DACLAM
Jodi Carlson, DVM
Diane B. Forsythe, DVM, DACLAM
Mary F. Grant, DVM, DACLAM
Angela King-Herbert, DVM, DACLAM
Robert Rose, DVM, DACLAM
Jem Scott-Emuakpor, DVM
Paul Sikoski, DVM, DACLAM
Melanie Sorrell, DVM, MS
Mary Ann Vasbinder, DVM, DACLAM
Julia Whitaker, MS, DVM, DACLAM
Jody Willis, DVM
Steve Wilson, VMD

1	Etiology: (etiologic agent, cause or causative agent), indicate only the agent, e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis or trauma
2	Etiologic diagnosis: indicate the causative agent and the site of the lesion, e.g., tracheal candidiasis
3	Morphological diagnosis: indicate the organ, the process, and the distribution (if indicated), e.g., diffuse ulcerative colitis or esophageal adenocarcinoma
4	Disease/Eponym: indicate the common name for the condition, e.g., measles or slobbers

***********************************************************************

1.	Assuming a normal distribution, what percentage of a population falls within the orange arrows on this graph?

a.  50%
b.  77%
c.  68%
d.  90%
e.  60%

2.	Give the genus and species.

a.  Poecilia reticulata
b.  Amphiprion percula
c.  Danio rerio
d.  Oryzias latipes
e.  Pimephales promelas

3.	Which of the following best describes this symbol?

a.  radura
b.  chemical hazard
c.  radiation hazard
d.  flammable hazard
e.  biohazard

4.	Which type of learning is demonstrated by this simulated rodent surgical training?

a.  auditory learning
b.  visual learning
c.  animal learning
d.  tactile / kinesthetic learning
e.  all of the above
5.	What is the approximate gestation length in this species?

a.  19-21 days
b.  56-65 days
c.  100-124 days
d.  155-165 days
e.  185-200 days

6.	Which of the following has the same DEA schedule as the drug depicted in this slide? 

a.  Ketamine
b.  Buprenorphine
c.  Testosterone
d.  Hydromorphone
e.  Thiopental

7.	What is the specific name for this apparatus?

a.  exercise wheel
b.  radial maze
c.  grip strength meter
d.  rotarod
e.  sensorimeter

8.	Images A-D, taken from a recent article, were produced via M-mode ultrasonography in rats that received increasing doses of what pharmaceutical agent?  
	
a.  cisplatin
b.  monensin
c.  doxycycline
d.  vincristine
e.  doxorubicin

9.	This ova was isolated from a fecal sample collected from an old-world NHP.  It is most likely:

a.  Trichuris trichura
b.  Anatrichosoma cynomolgi
c.  Ascaris lumbricoides
d.  Strongyloides cebus
e.  Prosthenorchis elegans
10.	The lesions depicted in this image are most consistent with

a.  EBV
b.  CHV-1
c.  RPV-2
d.  MMTV
e.  STLV-1

11.	The symbol depicted in this slide indicates what?

a.  Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
b.  Radiation source hazard
c.  Explosion hazard
d.  Light Emitting Diode
e.  Solar absorption material

12.	A sheep presents with weight loss and diarrhea, and physical exam reveals intermandibular and cervical edema with pale mucous membranes.  On necropsy, this organism was seen in the abomasum; fecal exam also demonstrated these ova.  What is the most likely etiologic agent?

a.  Cooperia 
b.  Oesophagostomum
c.  Haemonchus 
d.  Dictyocaulus
e.  Ostertagia

13.	An investigator presents you with a zebrafish that is rubbing up against the sides of its tank and has a shiny, “dust-like” red-brown colored appearance along its flanks.  Which of the following etiologic agents is likely responsible for the clinical presentation of this zebrafish?

a.  Saprolegnia spp
b.  Edwardsiella spp
c.  Piscinoodinium spp
d.  Pseudocapillaria spp
e.  Trichodina spp

14.	In the species depicted in this slide, which of the following etiological agents would most likely cause depression, sudden death, and gross necropsy findings of necrosis of gastrointestinal mucosa and multifocal hepatic necrosis?

a.  Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1
b.  Simian hemorrhagic fever
c.  Simian retrovirus 
d.  Ateline herpesvirus 2
e.  Saimirine herpesvirus 1

15.	Systemic amyloidosis in the species depicted in this slide is reported to be consistently characterized by:

a.  increased SAA, increased GGT, increased total protein
b.  increased AST, decreased SAA, decreased total protein
c.  increased SAA, increased total protein, decreased albumin
d.  decreased SAA, decreased albumin, increased liver size
e.  increased AST, decreased albumin, decreased total protein

16.	(2 slides)  This rabbit arrived recently from a vendor and developed the clinical signs shown in this picture.  It was found dead 6 days later.  A necropsy was performed and lung tissue appeared as shown in the picture.  Tissue histopathology of lung is shown, as well as culture results.  What is the morphologic diagnosis and etiologic agent?

a.  acute serosanguinous pleuropneumonia; Pasterella pneumotropica
b.  chronic mucopurulent bronchopneumonia; Pasterella multocida
c.  acute fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia; Pasterella multocida
d.  acute purulent bronchopneumonia; Bordetella bronchiseptica
e.  acute interstitial pneumonia; Pneumocystis carinii

17.	What is the type of culture being used to diagnose the condition in the previous question (shown again)?

a.  DTM agar
b.  sheep blood agar
c.  rodac plate
d.  trypsin media
e.  brain heart broth

18.	The device depicted in this slide can be used to train research personnel in appropriate:

	a.  compliance with federal regulations.
	b.  aseptic technique.
	c.  tissue apposition.
	d.  surgical instrument handling.

19.	(2 slides)  These lactating Swiss-derived ICR mice presented with bloating and unexpected death.  The photographed lesions were seen, and the disease was ameliorated by increasing the fat and calorie content of the diet.  What etiologic agent has been associated with these pathologic findings?

	a.   Helicobacter hepaticus
	b.   Clostridium perfringens
	c.   Salmonella enteritidis
	d.   Clostridium piliforme
	e.   Escherichia coli

20.	(2 slides)  The most consistent and striking clinical chemistry change noted in rats with the depicted condition is:

a.  increased plasma creatinine levels.
b.  increased plasma blood urea nitrogen levels.
c.  increased plasma glucose levels.
d.  decreased plasma albumin levels.
e.  decreased plasma calcium levels.

21.	What is the genus and species of the animal depicted in this slide?

a.  Pan paniscus
b.  Pan troglodytes
c.  Papio hamadryas
d.  Papio anubis
e.  Pongo abelii

22.	What cellular or molecular analytical process is depicted in this picture?

a.  Western blotting
b.  Fluorescent activated cell sorting
c.  Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
d.  Real-time polymerase chain reaction
e.  Luciferase bioluminescence

23.	According to a recent article which statement is most correct concerning the use of these analgesics in Papio anubis? 

a.  The use of carprofen or a combination of carprofen and buprenorphine provided better post-operative analgesia than buprenorphine alone.
b.  The use of buprenorphine or a combination of carprofen and buprenorphine provided better post-operative analgesia than carprofen alone.
c.  The use of carprofen alone provided better post-operative analgesia than a combination of carprofen and buprenorphine.
d.  The use of buprenorphine alone provided better post-operative analgesia than a combination of carprofen and buprenorphine. 
e.  The use of carprofen with buprenorphine may diminish the mu effects exhibited by opioid analgesics.

24.	Which of the following is TRUE regarding the animal depicted in this slide?

a.  The affected animal will have increased prothrombin time.
b.  Affected animals frequently have diarrhea and gaseous distension of the GI tract.
c.  The adrenal glands are commonly increased in size and hemorrhagic on cut section.
d.  Affected animals are more susceptible to opportunistic bacterial infections because of increased numbers of macrophages in sections.

25.	What does the white square represent?

a.  Fire/flammability
b.  Health
c.  Chemical Abstracts Registry (CAS) number
d.  Reactivity

26.	(2 slides)  The following 4 pictures illustrate clinical signs and necropsy findings of acute illness in a frog colony.  Which is the most likely diagnosis?

a.  Aeromonas
b.  Pasteurella
c.  Mycobacteria
d.  Flavobacteria
e.  E. coli
 
27.	What is the name of the type of stain used in the 2nd slide?

a.  Congo red                              
b.  Brilliant red
c.  Passionate purple
d.  Acid fast
e.  Crystal violet

28.	What is the imaging modality depicted in this slide?

a.  Computerized tomography
b.  Magnetic resonance imaging
c.  Radiography
d.  Ultrasonography

29.	The device illustrated is helpful / useful for which of the following with frogs?

a.  increase cannibalism
b.  distribution of feed
c.  enrichment
d.  increase bite wounds

30.	The most likely etiology of the clinical disease depicted in this slide is:

a.  Helicobacter hepaticus
b.  Pasteurella pneumotropica
c.  Lawsonia intracellularis
d.  Trichopyton mentagrophytes

31.	Removal of the gland shown in this image allows visualization of the frontal brain that otherwise would be obscured by its aggressive incorporation of the 18F isotope of fluor-2-deoxy-D-glucose in which type of imaging?

a.  Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
b.  Wide integrated luciferase-linked isotope scan (WILLIS)
c.  Positron emission tomography (PET)
d.  Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
e.  Nuclear medicine imaging (NMI)

32.	Recently, the lesion depicted in this rat has been reported to occur most commonly following anesthesia with which of the following agents?

a.  pentobarbital
b.  propofol/sufentanil
c.  ketamine/xylazine
d.  Hypnorm/midazolam
e.  Saffan

33.	What is the genus and species of this animal?

a.   Erythrocebus patas
b.  Cercocebus torquatus atys
c.  Chlorocebus aethiops
d.  Cebus apella
e.  Papio anubis

34.	This organism, found in the heart, liver (shown in the slide), and colon was identified in a natural infection of which captive-born nonhuman primate species?
	
a.  Macaca fascicularis
b.  Papio anubis
c.  Papio hamadryas
d.  Saguinus oedipus
e.  Macaca arctoides

35.	What does this symbol indicate?

a.  Product has been irradiated
b.  Genetically modified crop
c.  World Health Organization (WHO) Pandemic Influenza Project
d.  Open formula diet
e.  Natural product diet

36.	What is the main use of this device?

a.  surveillance
b.  identification
c.  blood collection
d.  CSF collection
e.  restraint

37.	Which of the following represents a reliable method for detecting this organism in infected mouse colonies?

a.  measurement of specific IgM antibody responses in serum using commercial ELISA kits.
b.  direct visualization of bacteria via Congo red stain on paraffin-embedded liver sections.
c.  direct visualization of bacteria via von Kossa stain on paraffin-embedded liver sections.
d.  aerobic culture of liver tissue for bacteria on blood agar.
e.  PCR assay of DNA from cecal scrapings.

38.	Which of the 3 R’s is represented by these pictures?

a.  refinement
b.  redundancy
c.  reduction
d.  responsibility
e.  replacement

39.	What does the acronym illustrated in this slide stand for?

a.  Drug Enlistment Agency
b.  Drug Enforcement Agency
c.  Drug Enlightenment Agency
d.  Drug Endangerment of Animals
e.  Drug Endangered Animals

40.	What is the imaging modality depicted in this slide?

a.  Bioluminescence
b.  Micro-CT scan (Computed Tomography)
c.  PET (Positron Emission Tomography)
d.  Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

41.	In a recent article which of the following drugs was reported to affect this organ (white arrow) in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus? 

a.  Doxorubicin
b.  Indomethacin
c.  Fenbendazole
d.  Pilocarpine
e.  1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) 

42.	The equipment depicted in this slide is used for what rodent testing purpose?

a.  Fear conditioning 
b.  Operant conditioned response
c.  Acoustic startle
d.  Tail-flick analysis

43.	According to a recent article, the parasite shown in this picture above has been known to have a relatively high prevalence of natural infection in Owl Monkeys (Aotus nancymae) in their natural habitat and while in captivity.  The parasite shown is:

a.  Oxyuris aotus
b.  Trypanoxyuris spp.
c.  Enterobius vermicularis
d.  Syphacia obvelata

44.	The lesions in this rat lung are most consistent with infection by:

a.  Sendai virus
b.  Pneumonia Virus of Mice
c.  Bordetella bronchiseptica
d.  CAR Bacillus

45.	What specific technique is illustrated in the slide?

a.  Salivary gland secretion collection
b.  Retro-orbital blood collection
c.  Lateral saphenous blood collection
d.  Facial vein blood collection

46.	Excessive ingestion of ____________ by the species depicted in this slide resulted in amplified retinyl ester storage in fetal livers.

a.  Vitamin A
b.  Vitamin B
c.  Vitamin C
d.  Vitamin D
e.  Vitamin E

47.	This kidney is taken from a 

a.  Male mouse
b.  Female mouse
c.  Male rabbit
d.  Female rabbit

48.	Although the drug depicted in this slide is not labeled for use in mice, it has been proven to be effective against all of the following parasites, EXCEPT:

a.  Aspicularis tetraptera
b.  Dentostomella translucida
c.  Syphacia obvelata
d.  Syphacia mesocricetus
e.  Trichuris muris

49.	What does this instrument measure?

a.  relative humidity
b.  absolute temperature
c.  chilling capacity
d.  gas emissions
e.  air velocity

50.	Sexual maturity is reached at what age in this species?

a.  0-2 months
b.  2-4 months
c.  4-6 months
d.  6-8 months
e.  8-10 months

51.	(2 slides)  The lesions displayed in these histology and immunohistochemistry pictures were taken from a pig.  What tissue is shown and what is the pathology?

a.  Lung with interstitial thickening and infiltrating neutrophils and lymphocytes.
b.  Kidney with marked non-suppurative interstitial nephritis.
c.  Pancreas with inflammatory infiltrates.
d.  Salivary gland with lymphocytic, plasmacytic infiltration.

52.	What is the ECG abnormality demonstrated in this slide?

a.  A-V block
b.  Ventricular arrhythmia
c.  Atrial fibrillation
d.  Premature ventricular contraction

53.	The female of this species has ____ pair(s) of mammary glands.

a.  1
b.  2
c.  3
d.  4
e.  5

54.	What classification of Biological Safety Cabinet (BSC) is depicted in this slide?

a.  Class I
b.  Class IIa
c.  Class IIb
d.  Class III
e.  The slide does not depict a BSC but instead a 100 cfm, clean bench similar to an animal changing station

55.	(2 slides)  Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for this condition?

a.  renal failure
b.  Aeromonas hydrophilia sepsis
c.  Mycobacterium sepsis
d.  Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHS)

56.	(2 slides)  Which of the following is the most likely cause of the condition depicted?

a.  increased ammonia content in water
b.  decreased ammonia content in water
c.  elevated chlorine in water
d.  bacterial contamination in water
e.  treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 

57.	This radiograph demonstrates an anatomic feature of which of the following nonhuman primate genera?

a.  Ateles and Brachyteles
b.  Ateles and Alouatta	
c.  Callathrix and Saguinus	
d.  Lagothrix and Alouatta
e.  Cebus and Saimiri

58.	What is the correct family name of the animal depicted in this image?

a.  Muridae
b.  Cricetidae
c.  Pongidae
d.  Octogonidae
e.  Auratidae

59.	The pig demonstrated in this image had multifocal to coalescing, raised, red non-pruritic, papular to crusted skin lesions as large as 5cm in diameter on the rump, vulva, perineum, thighs and lower legs.  What is the most likely etiology?

a.  Erysipelas
b.  Porcine circovirus type 2
c.  Staphylococcus hyicus
d.  Swinepox
e.  Sarcoptes scabei

60.	What is the purpose of the yellow apparatus shown in this slide?

a.  Rodent surgical retractor
b.  Catheter introducer
c.  Micro-cannula (900)
d.  Voltage clamp
e.  Electrode holder

61.	This slide represents which of the following technologies?

a.  Creation of a transgenic mouse using pronuclear injection
b.  Creation of a transgenic mouse using transposon technology
c.  Creation of  a targeted mutation (“knock-out”) mouse using pronuclear injection
d.  Creation of a targeted mutation (“knock-out”) mouse using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells
e.  Creation of a transgenic mouse using nuclear transfer

62.	What behavior does this apparatus test in rodents?

a.  Anxiety
b.  Despair
c.  Learning and memory
d.  Balance
e.  Conditioning

63.	(2 slides)  A skin scraping from the hamster pictured in this slide revealed this organism.  What is the etiology of this condition?

a.  Demodex mesocritetus
b.  Trixacarus caviae
c.  Demodex aurati
d.  Demodex criceti
e.  Chirodiscoides caviae

64.	As compared to other individually ventilated caging systems, the cage depicted on this slide is useful for infectious disease research because it:

	a.  passes incoming air through a HEPA filter.
	b.  maintains negative pressure when removed from the rack.
	c.  has the ability to be positive pressure.
	d.  is autoclavable and disposable.

65.	An investigator is utilizing what technique with this equipment?

a.  immunoflourescence
b.  bioluminescence
c.  microCT imaging
d.  ethanol inhalation
e.  stereotaxic surgery

66.	Which describes the minimum required housing space needed for the species in the slide?

a.  (length of dog in cm + 6) x (length of dog in cm + 6) divided by 144
b.  (length of dog in cm) x (length of dog in cm) divided by 144
c.  (length of dog in inches + 6) x (length of dog in inches + 6) divided by 144 times 2
d.  (length of dog in inches + 6) x (length of dog in inches + 6) divided by 144

67.	The most reliable method for storing cells similar to the cells depicted in this slide while preserving their future function is to store at:

a.  –70C with a nuclease
b.  24C with a protease inhibitor
c.  –20C in EDTA
d.  10C with a protease
e.  4C with a nuclease inhibitor

68.	Name the device attached to the rodent’s tail.

a.  temperature probe
b.  capnograph
c.  pulse oximeter
d.  arterial line
e.  electrocardiogram

69.	What is the function of the device attached to rodent’s foot?

a.  monitor core body temperature
b.  measure oxygen saturation
c.  measure blood pressure measurement
d.  measure heart rate & rhythm
d.  measure blood gas levels

70.	What does the “Cg” designate in this mouse strain?

a.  A specific gene promoter controlling transgene expression
b.  Congenic line with inbred CGA as donor background
c.  Congenic line in which the recipient background is mixed or unclear
d.  Knockout mouse line of the “tetO-Arntl” gene
e.  Congenic mouse line in which the donor background is mixed or unclear

71.	What is the purpose of the material indicated at the tip of the arrow pointers?

	a.  Decrease ammonia levels in cage.
	b.  Provide environmental enrichment.
	c.  Facilitate animal identification.
	d.  Absorb excess urine.
	e.  Provide supplemental nutrition.

72.	Intramuscular injection of this species with which of the following pharmacologic agent(s) may result multifocal myocardial degeneration?

a. pentobarbital
b. ketamine/xylazine
c. propofol
d. fentanyl/fluanisone
e. acepromazine/midazolam

73.	Which most accurately describes the function of this device?

a.  surgical instrument tip sterilization
b.  surgical instrument sterilization
c.  surgical instrument debridement
d.  surgical instrument sharpening
e.  surgical instrument polisher

74.	The apparatus shown on this slide tests what behavior in rodents?

a.  Anxiety
b.  Spatial orientation
c.  Fear
d.  Memory
e.  Despair

75.	A rapid, simple and humane method for bleeding of mice using a lancet has recently been described.  For what age mouse is the depicted lancet point size recommended?

a.  2 to 8 weeks old
	b.  3 to 5 months old 
	c.  > 6 months old
	d.  Not recommended for mice

76.	What is the function/purpose of the piece of equipment pictured?

	a.  Establish electrical gradient for electrophoresis.
	b.  Strength of grip assessment.
	c.  Generation of auditory signals for hearing assessment.
	d.  Used to maintain mosquito colonies in captivity.
	e.  Provide hemostasis during abdominal surgery.

77.	What is the purpose of the equipment depicted in this slide?

a.  Restraint of mouse prior to decapitation
b.  Restraint of mouse to facilitate bleeding
c.  Restraint of mouse to facilitate nose-only inhalation exposure
d.  Restraint of mouse  to facilitate anesthesia

78.	The macaque in the picture shows classic lesions of a zoonotic disease.  What is the biosafety level for the NHP model of this infectious agent?

	a.  ABSL 1
	b.  ABSL 2
	c.  ABSL 3
	d.  ABSL 4

79.	Select the BEST answer for the primary use of this device.

a.  exercise provision
b.  dental health
c.  behavioral enrichment
d.  food containment

80.	What does this equipment measure in the mouse?

a.  Grip strength
b.  Sensory threshold
c.  Foot swelling
d.  Muscle function
e.  Foot temperature

81.	(2 slides)  This animal has a history of intense scratching.  A skin scraping was performed and slide results are illustrated.  What best describes the condition and etiologic agent?

a.  pinworms; Syphacia sp.
b.  pinworms; Aspicularis sp.
c.  lice; Psoroptes sp.
d.  mange; Sarcoptes sp.
e.  mange; Trixacarus sp.

82.	What is the purpose of the device indicated by the arrow pointer?

	a.  Protect healing fight wounds.
	b.  Create feeding chamber for fleas.
	c.  Provide constant levels of analgesia.
	d.  Record physiologic parameters via telemetry.
	e.  Track activity during diurnal cycle.

83.	In which CITES Appendix is this nonhuman primate listed?  

a.  Appendix I
b.  Appendix II
c.  Appendix III
d.  Appendix IV

84.	Which of the following noninvasive measures has the highest predictive value for estimating carcass and visceral fat in adult males of the species shown?

a.  neck circumference
b.  serum leptin levels
c.  widest abdominal girth circumference
d.  mid-abdomen circumference
e.  neck and mid-abdomen ultrasound measurements

85.	What do the following acronyms and/or symbols have in common?

a.  Tg mouse models
b.  surgical techniques
c.  database search resources
d.  viral diseases
e.  none of the above

86.	What best describes the imaging modality depicted in this slide? 

a.  This imaging modality allows the visualization of bone structure, fat tissue and air spaces due to high intrinsic contrast between tissues.
b.  This imaging modality constructs an image based on radioisotope decay of a tracer agent given before the image is taken.
c.  This imaging modality uses sound waves and their echoes from tissue interfaces to produce 2-dimensional images in real time.
d.  This imaging modality is a 3-dimensional imaging modality that uses the nuclear property of spin in certain isotopes of elements to form anatomical images.

87.	In a recent journal article, a scoring test was used to determine the response of parrots to their handlers and included all of the following test components, EXCEPT:

a.  Handler giving a novel toy
b.  Touching their head
c.  Offering food
d.  Position 15 seconds after being placed next to handler

88.	Which of the following additives is present in this vacutainer tube?

a.  EDTA 
b.  Lithium heparin 
c.  Sodium citrate 
d.  Thrombin 
e.  SPS & acid citrate dextrose 

89.	What is the general term used to describe the apparatus pointed out by the red arrow in which the majority of the nitrogen cycle takes place? 

a.  Biobubble
b.  Biological filter
c.  Bioreactor
d.  Nitrogen trap
e.  UV sterilizer

90.	The device depicted in this slide is useful in the prevention of which post-operative surgical complication?

a.  suture site dehiscence
b.  anesthesia over dosage
c.  analgesia over dosage
d.  hypothermia

91.	According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, what do the animals illustrated in the slide have in common regarding surgical procedures?

a.  only microsurgery can be conducted
b.  only inhalation agents may be used for anesthesia
c.  surgery can be performed in an established laboratory
d.  surgery must be conducted in a dedicated surgical suite

92.	In the United States coding system, what is the gas contained in a gas cylinder of this color?

a.  Oxygen
b.  Carbon dioxide
c.  Air
d.  Argon
e.  Nitrogen

93.	The most reliable test for detecting West Nile Virus seroconversion in this species of macaque has been reported to be:

a.  IgM ELISA
b.  IgG ELISA
c.  IFA
d.  HAI
e.  PRNT

94.	Which mouse parasite egg below CANNOT easily be diagnosed using the device illustrated?

a.  Rodentolepis nana
b.  Syphacia obvelata
c.  Aspicularis tetraptera
d.  Tritrichomonas muris

95.	Which of the following etiologic agents is the cause of the condition depicted in this slide?

a.  Cheyetiella ochotonae
b.  Sacroptes scabiei
c.  Notoedres cati
d.  Psoroptes cuniculi
e.  Demodex cuniculi

96.	In mice, this lesion in the intestinal mucosa most likely indicates infection with which of the following pathogens?

a.  Epizootic diarrhea of infant mice 
b.  Mouse adenovirus 2 
c.  Mouse hepatitis virus 
d.  Mouse parvovirus 
e.  Mouse adenovirus 1 

97.	The parasite shown in this slide is believed to be a vector for what pathogen?

a. Ectromelia virus
b.  Mycoplasma haemomuris
c.  Eperythrozoon coccoides
d.  Hepatozoon muris
e.  Rodentolepsis dimunata

98.	The clinical sign depicted in this slide is commonly seen in primates infected with which of the following organisms?

a.  Mycobacterium tuberculosis
b.  Shigella flexneri
c.  Pasturella multocida
d.  Branhamella (Moraxella) catarrhalis
e.  Streptococcus pneumoniae

99.	What is the name of this common diagnostic test?

a. ELISA
b. hemagglutinin inhibition assay
c. indirect fluorescence assay
d. virus isolation test
e. complement fixation test

100.	What behavior does this apparatus test in rodents?

a.  Endurance
b.  Despair
c.  Anxiety
d.  Learning and memory
e.  Fear

101.	The urine of the species depicted in this slide is typically cloudy due to a relatively high concentration of ammonium magnesium phosphate and what other type of precipitate?

a.  Biurate
b.  Calcium oxalate monohydrate
c.  Calcium oxalate dihydrate
d.  Calcium carbonate monohydrate
e.  Calcium bicarbonate

102.	This pig has a history of constipation, pricked ears, and behavior consisting of staring ahead with the head slightly elevated, twitching of the nose and rhythmic chomping of jaws is presented for necropsy.  What is the most likely diagnosis?

a.  Aujeszky’s disease
b.  Porcine stress syndrome
c.  Salt poisoning
d.  Glasser’s disease
e.  Encephalitozoonosis

103.	What is the purpose of the piece of equipment shown in this slide? 

	a.  Anesthetic induction chamber
	b.  Housing of aquatic species
	c.  Euthanasia of small animals
	d.  Sterilization of low-temperature plastic equipment

104.	This slide was prepared from the lungs of a wild rock squirrel trapped in the southwest region of the US.  The flea-infested animal was struggling to move, had labored, raspy breathing and enlarged lymph nodes. Necropsy confirmed severe multilobar pneumonia with serosanguineous pleural effusion and minimal fibrinous pleuritis, and lymphangitis, and histology revealed the intracellular, gram-negative bacillus denoted by the arrows. What is the disease diagnosis? 

	a.  Mycoplasma pulmonis
	b.  Yersinia pestis
	c.  Pneumocystis carinii
	d.  Pasteurella pneumotropica
	e.  Streptobacillus moniliformis

105.	All of the following nonhuman primate species are commonly used in research regarding the organism depicted in this slide EXCEPT:

	a.  Macaca mulatta
	b.  Aotus sp.
	c.  Saimiri sp.
	d.  Papio anubis

106.	When working with pregnant animals of this species, what animal biosafety level should be utilized?

	a.  ABSL 1
	b.  ABSL 2
	c.  ABSL 3
	d.  ABSL 4

107.	In the diagram depicted in this slide, component C is a/an:

	a.  anesthetic gas vaporizer
	b.  rebreathing bag
	c.  oxygen flow meter
	d.  endotracheal tube
	e.  charcoal filter

108.	The personnel depicted in this slide are wearing PPE appropriate for working with animals infected with animal biosafety level ____ agents.

	a.  1
	b.  2
	c.  3
	d.  4

109.	The device depicted in this slide can be used to train research personnel in appropriate:

	a.  compliance with federal regulations.
	b.  aseptic technique.
	c.  tissue apposition.
	d.  surgical instrument handling.

110.	Which of the following is a Category A agent as described by this government agency?

	a.  Coxiella burnetii
	b.  Rickettsia prowazekii
	c.  Francisella tularensis
	d.  Chlamydophila psittaci
	e.  Cryptosporidium parvum

111.	When utilized in a personnel biomethodology training program, the devices depicted are an example of which of the “3 R’s?”

	a.  Respect
	b.  Refinement
	c.  Reduction
	d.  Replacement

112.	According to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, the facility equipment depicted in this slide should be at least 		 centimeters in diameter.

	a.  4.5
	b.  6.2
	c.  8.8
	d.  10.2
	e.  12.6

113.	The substrate depicted in this slide would be most appropriate to protect the walls in which type of animal facility room?

	a.  Small animal surgery
	b.  Mouse breeding colony
	c.  Dirty side of cage wash
	d.  Zebrafish housing room

114.	This slide is depicting an educational opportunity.  Which type of learning style is emphasized in this situation?

	a.  auditory
	b.  kinesthetic
	c.  visual
	d.  tactile

115.	What is the piece of equipment depicted in this slide used for?

	a.  Measuring radioactivity
	b.  Assessing microbial contamination
	c.  Ensuring adequate cage wash temperatures
	d.  Measuring aerosol ammonia levels
	e.  Recording light cycles

116.	Which of the following is an advantage for the use of the pictured equipment for facility sterilization?

	a.  Biodecontamination within low temperature range of  4-80 °C.
b.  Proven efficacy against  a small range of microorganisms.
c.  Requires high temperature exposure.
d.  Yields only water and carbon dioxide as by-products.
e.  Ambient humidity does not affect the sterilization process.

117.	Pictured is a water testing kit with instruments and reagents to test water quality.  For which of these water quality parameters commonly monitored in animal facilities is there no FDA guideline or limit?

	a.  water hardness
	b.  pH
	c.  coliform count
	d.  heavy metal content  

118.	Pictures show gross and histopathology from a Fisher 344 rat.  All of the following are appropriate morphologic diagnoses EXCEPT:

	a.  Hepatomegaly
	b.  Splenomegaly
	c.  Multicentric lymphoma
	d.  Suppurative pneumonia
	e.  Leukemia

119.	The histosection pictured was taken from a rat.  Which of the following is a predisposing factor for this condition in this species?

	a.  Low protein diet
	b.  High estrogen levels
	c.  Young age
	d.  High testosterone levels

120.	The device depicted in this slide is used for what purpose? (The picture at the left is detail of the area in the orange box of the picture on the right.)

	a.  Testing of air quality
	b.  Performance of smoke test
	c.  Euthanasia of ruminants
	d.  High power cleaning of caging equipment

121.	The mice in the photo have been treated with a commercial depilatory agent to remove hair in preparation for providing blood meals for flea colonies and to allow better recovery of all fleas post-feeding.  What is the active ingredient in the commercial depilatory agents Nair® and Veet®?

	a.  cyanoacrylate
	b.  2,6-diisopropylphenol
	c.  trifluoro-ethane
	d.  propanamide
	e.  thioglycolate 

122.	According to the Animal Welfare Regulations, which of the following criteria are required to house the pictured species outdoors?

	a.  Ambient temperature may not exceed 80F.
	b.  This species may not be housed outdoors.
	c.  Ambient temperature may not drop below 45F.
	d.  The animal must be acclimated prior to housing outdoors.

123.	The device depicted in this slide can be used to train research personnel in appropriate:

	a.  compliance with federal regulations.
	b.  aseptic technique.
	c.  tissue apposition.
	d.  surgical instrument handling.

124.	The animal pictured -standing atop a standard-sized microisolator cage bottom for mice- was captured in a rural area of Dade County just south of Miami. Why is this non-native species of interest to US public Health officials?

	a.  Competes with native species for scarce resources.
	b.  Is a potential vector of Yersinia pestis.
	c.  May extend potential host range for monkeypox virus.
	d.  There are no public health concerns associated with this species.

125.	According to the AVMA Panel on Euthanasia, use of the device depicted in this slide is considered a(n) 		 method of euthanasia for 		.

	a.  acceptable, rodents
	b.  conditionally acceptable, rodents
	c.  acceptable, farm animals
	d.  conditionally acceptable, farm animals

END OF EXAM